Harvester



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Harvester No. 234,375. Patented Nov. 9,1880,

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(ModeL) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

S. D. MADDIN.

Harvester. No. 234,375. Patented Nov. 9,1880.

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N PETERS, PHOTO-LITHGGRAPHER. WASIHNGTDN. O C.

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(ModeL) Harvester.

No. 234,315. Patemd Nov. 9, i880.

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N PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAFEQER, WASHINGTON. D C.

(ModeL) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

S. D. MADDIN.

' Harvester. No. 234,375.- Patented Nqv. 9, I880.

, iinirrn Srarns Parana anion.

SAMUEL D. MADDIN, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

HARVESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,375, dated November9, 1880.

' Application filed April 23, 1880. (ModeL) T 0 all whom "it mayconcern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL D. MADDIN, of St. Paul, Ramsey county,Minnesota, have invented an Improvementin Harvesters, of which thefollowing is the specification.

My invention is a mower adapted for cutting grass or grain, andconstructed, as hereinafter described, so that the cutter-bar mayconform to the inclination of the ground without altering the relationof the cutter-bar and driving appliances.

The invention further consists in certain constructions andarrangements, whereby the various parts of the machine may be adjustedand operated with facility and the strength and efficiency of thestructure increased.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure l is a planview of my improved mower, the upper frame being removed. Fig. 2 is aside view, one of the wheels removed; Fig. 3, a sectional elevation.Fig. 4 is a front elevation; Fig. 5, a detached View.

The main frame J is carried by the wheels in any suitable manner, and tothis frame is centrally pivoted the cutter-frame A, carryingfingers G Oand cutters B.

Centrally with the axis on which the frame A vibrates is thedriving-shaft a of the crankwheel 0, the wrist-pin of which is connectedby any suitable appliances to the'cutter-bar. On a rotary motion beingimparted to the wheel 0 the cutter-bar will be reciprocated withoutchanging the relative positions of the intermediate connections, whilethe frame A can tilt laterally to either side so as to conform to theirregular face of the ground without affecting the connections betweenthe crank-wheel O and the driving mechanism. While these features may beembodied in various structures, that which I have shown in theaccompanying drawings will be found most efiective.

The frame J consists of a T-shaped hollow bracket, the central stem, j,of which receives the driving-shaft a of the crank-wheel, and

carries the tubular shank A of the frame A,'

while the transverse head j receives a tube, j constituting part of theframe, and through which passes the axle b, carrying near each end aratchet-wheel, b.

Pawls I) hung to the wheels 11 engage with the ratchets, and are pressedagainst the same by curved springs I), (see Fig. 5,) the said springsresting upon pins b and so curved that when a pawl is turned to theposition shown in dotted lines it will be held away from the ratchet bythe pin b slipping into the yoke of the spring.

The shaft a has a rear pinion, a, gearing with a bevel-wheel, a upon ashaft, a carried by the main frame, and this shaft has a clutch, to,operated by a hand-lever, a and carrying a pinion, a which gears withthe toothed wheel I) attached to the axle.

By operating the lever a the pinion a may be thrown in and out ofconnection with the shaft a so as to throw the cutters into and out ofoperation during the forward movement of the machine. Alike result maybe secured by throwing upward the pawls 0* in moving the machine fromplace to place.

The frame A is most economically made, while great strength and rigidityis secured by using tubes 0, 0, c c and 0 for the sides and ends, thecorners consisting of socketed elbows cl (1 d d.

The sections 0 0 turn in sockets in and project laterally from the shankA, enter the elbows d, and are secured each by a set-screw, 2, which maybe loosened and then tightened, so as to adjust and secure the remainderof the frame in any desired position in respect to the parts carried bythe upper bar. Other devices may replace the set-screws.

The lower tubular bar, 0 is the guard-bar, supporting the fingers orguards O and turning in the elbows at, so that the guards may be raisedor lowered, as found desirable. Any suitable means for turning the bar 0may be employed. Aconvenient arrangementconsists of a crank-shaft, E,one end of which carries the lever E, while the crank E at the otherend, is connected by a rod, f, to an arm, f, extending from the bar 0which may thus be turned by moving the lever E.

A crank-pawl, g, pivoted to the lever E, to be operated by a crank-arm,9 engages with a rack, 9, so that the lever and its connections may beheld in any position to which they are adjusted or released for furtheradjustment by a simple grasp at the upper end of the lever.

The frame A is braced by means of diagonal stays h, extending to therearend of the shank A, and may be turned, lowered, or elevated by meansof a lever, F, pivoted to a bracket, 0, upon a frame, I, hung to theaxle-shaft, and carrying at the forward end the reel-frame L.

Between the bracket 6 and side brackets, e 6 extend two crank-shafts, MM, in line with each other, and provided with hubs c having notches toreceive the lower ends of slides e 0, carried by the leverF, and eachoperated by a crank, 0 pivoted near the upper end of the lever. Thecrank-arm of each leveris connected by a chain, 0 to the upper bar ofthe frame A below. Another crank, 0 pivoted at the upper end of thelever I is connected to a crank-pawl, 0 that engages with aratchet atthe upper edge of the standard 6, so as to secure the lever in anyposition to which it is set.

When either slide is in the notch of thehub below it the correspondingshaft will turn with the lever, thus raising or lowering the frame A atthat side. Either shaft may be turned at will, or both may beturnedtogether by means of the lever F, the eifect being to draw upon thechains 0", turn the frame J in the axle,and lift the inner portion oftheframe A, thus altering the angle of the frames J A to each other, andthe angle of the frame A to the ground. It will be seen that by the proximity of the operating-cranks e 0 these movements can be effectedwithout removing the hand from its position near the upper end of thelever F.

The cutter-bar may be driven from the crankwheel 0 by any suitableappliances; but I prefer to use two double crank-shafts, H H, hung tobrackets of the frame A, which may be substantially parallel with theground, the rear arm, k, of each shaft extending upward and beingconnected to one of the rods attached to the wrist-pin of thecrank-wheel, and the forward arm, 7t, extending downward and beingconnected by a link, W, to the cutter-bar. By this construction thecutter-bar is driven as directly as if it were in line with thecrank-wheel. Moreover, I am enabled to readily secure an extendedmovement of the cutter-bar so as to throw the knife through two of thefingers at each stroke, by which I can reduce the speed one-half withoutdecreasing the efficieney of the machine.

It will be noticed thatl have shown acrankshaft at each end of theframe, an arrangement which I adopt for use with a cutter-bar in twosections, each driven from one end, thereby reducing friction.

The wheels 3 4, supporting the cutter-bar behind and in front, turn eachupon a stud of a plate, 5, pivoted to the frame and slotted to receive asecuring-bolt, 12, by which the frame, after being set at any desiredposition, may be firmly fixed.

By properly adjusting the wheels by these or by equivalent devices theheight of the front portion of the cutter-bar can be varied at pleasure.These wheels further serve as bearingpoints upon which to tilt the frameA, so as to raise or lower the front portion, with its guards andcutters. For this purpose the sections 0 c of the rear bar are connectedeach to one end of a yoke, 0. By depressing the outer end of the yoke Othe frame A will be brought at an angle to its shank A, the rear barbeing depressed and the outer bar elevated, the frame rocking on thewheels 3. By raising the outer end of the yoke the inner bar of theframe will be elevated and the outer bar depressed. The yoke is providedwith a notched arm, 13, engaging with the pin 14, and by which it may besecured in any desirable position.

The guard-fingers may be attached in various ways. I prefer to perforatethe front tu bular bar and to provide each finger with a shank, a, whichis passed through said perforation and riveted at the inner end orsecured by a nut. By these various adjustments of the frame A and itsparts the cutters may be raised or lowered, tilted to any desirableangle, and will automatically conform to the contour of the ground,however irregular the same may be, and these movements are effectedwithout altering the relative positions of the driving appliances,without excessive friction, while all the parts are perfectly under thecontrol of the driver, whose seat, N, is secured to a bracket projectingfrom the frame J. By securing the seat to the frame J the frame A iscounterbalanced by the weight of the driver.

It will be noted that the frame J, supported by the axle, aflordsbearings for the frame A, the axle, and driving-shafts; that the wholeis strong, compact, and durable, free from joints, and without bolts.

The construction of the frame A of tubes and elbows is attended withlike advantageous results.

\Vhere a reel is not required the frame L may be dispensed with. Thedraft-attachments are made at any suitable point, and will vary somewhatwith the size of the machine, and the construction adapting it forgrass, grain, or other purposes but where a frame, L, supporting a reelis used the horses are placed at the sides and outside of the cut bysecuring the short whifiletrees m m to a chain, as, which is carriedacross the machine.

To secure an upward draft upon the cutterbar the chain :0 may be passedthrough eyes in the standards f arranged below the plane in which theends of the traces are connected in the harness. The chain or rope acacts as an evener, and the standards f are arranged to throw the line ofdraft outside of the cutterbar, so that neither horse travels in frontof the bar but outside of the out.

To throw the grain or grass inward and out of the way of the wheels Iemploy guards or shields 15, and to these I pivot gatheringplates 16 17,as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so

jointed as to conform to the ground, and so curved as to throw the grainto the center of the machine from each side.

Without limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement ofparts shown and described,

I claim- 1. In a mower or reaper, a frame supported by the wheels, aframe, A, carrying the cutter-bar, and centrally pivoted at the rear tothe main frame, and a driving-crank arranged upon the shaft concentricwith the pivot, and connected to the cutter-bar to operate the same,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the frame J, carried by the wheels, the frame A,centrally pivoted to the frame J the crank-Wheel O, a side crankshaft,H, and rods or links connecting the cranks of said shaft to thecutter-bar and driving-wheel, as specified.

3. The combination of the frame J, frame A, and appliances for raisingand depressing the rear bar of theframe A, as set forth.

at. The combination of the frame J, the frame A, having a shank, A, withbars c fitting in sockets of said shank, bearing-wheels at the forwardend of the frame A, and appliances for raisin g an d depressing the rearbar of said frame, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with the frame A, pivoted, as set forth, of theindependent crankshafts M M, connected each to the rear bar, and frameand devices for adj ustin g said shafts separately or together,substantially as setforth.

6. The combination of the crank-shafts M M, having notched hubs e c, thenotched bracket 0, slides e 0 pawl 0 and cranks e" 6 substantially asset forth.

7. The combination, with the frame A, of bearing-wheels 3, arranged backof the cutters, and appliances for raising and depressing the rearportion of the frame, as set forth.

8. The combination of the frame A and the guards and jointed shields andgatheringplates 16 17, all constructed and arranged as set forth.

9. The frame A, consisting of tubes and corner-pieces d (1 d d, thelatter provided with appliances for securing the bars of the frame afteradjustment, as and for the purpose specified.

10. The combination of the pivoted frame A, frame J, and diagonal staysa, as set forth.

11. The combination of the guards, a knife in two sections, androck-frames at each side of the frame, each connected to the adjacentknife-section, and with the driver from a. central wheel, 0,substantially as set forth.

12. The combination of the rope or cord 00, the standards f, having eyesfor the passage of the cords below the line of horizontal draft, and thewhiffletrees 0000, secured to the ends of the cord, substantially as setforth.

ln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL D. MADDIN. Witnesses ERAsMUs M. DEANE, NEWTON P. R. HATCH.

